Procedures And The Afterlife, Ancient Egypt - 1686 Words

Funerary Procedures and the Afterlife, of Ancient Egypt In this paper I will plan to discuss in detail the funerary procedures that were used in ancient Egypt. I will pay particular attention as to how the Idea of the afterlife influenced many of the traditions in ancient Egypt that we know think of today. In surveying their beliefs on the afterlife we will begin to get a better picture as to how these ideas affected almost all aspects of their ancient culture, and indeed had impacts on neighboring cultures. I will take a look at what aspects of their religious mythology lead them to these traditions and why its observation was so key to their society. I will then approach much of this essay through the lens of Humanities. We will look at several artifacts that show us the about of craftsmanship and detail needed to continue their quest to the afterlife. We will look at how these beliefs shaped everything from their stunning architecture, which has inspired cultures for thousands of years, to the mummification of the royalty and the priest. I believe that understanding this material will allow us to better understand the motivations of the people who lived through this time. It will allow us to understand what motivated these people to achieve so much in their time. It is through this study into humanities that the ancient Egyptians go from being a mysterious culture that amazes us to humans who shared many of our struggles and fears. We will look at a few pieces ofShow MoreRelatedProcedures And The Afterlife, Ancient Egypt2023 Words   |  9 PagesFinal Art Essay Funerary Procedures and the Afterlife, of Ancient Egypt In this paper I will plan to discuss in detail the funerary procedures that were used in ancient Egypt. I will pay particular attention as to how the Idea of the afterlife influenced many of the traditions in ancient Egypt that we now think of today. In surveying their beliefs on the afterlife we will begin to get a better picture as to how these ideas affected almost all aspects of their ancient culture, and indeed had impactsRead MoreMy New Journey At Kiaria O. Brown Mortuary Inc. Essay1496 Words   |  6 Pagesto travel to Port Said, Egypt for Queen Nefertiti Ancient Egyptian Funerary. As the team conduct normal procedures before the day start, I prepare to get the necessary tools to prep the deceased for mummification, the most important process we have to commence after a person has died. Ms. Nefertiti would be buried in paradise known as The Field of Reeds, where her soul would be tested. The Field of Reeds is known to the Egyptians as A’aru, which they believed the aft erlife of the eternal soul wereRead MoreAncient Egypt: From Belief Systems to a Civilization858 Words   |  4 PagesCulture is the basis of any society present on our earth today and therefore of any ancient civilization we have historically come to know. Culture may simply be defined as a â€Å"way of life† but in essence, that can be disembodied into a collection of belief systems based on religion, economy, politics, family, and so on. As with construction companies, schools, or government systems, all people who choose to follow a specific philosophy of life must function as one undivided group- a society. A primeRead MoreEgyptian Religion and Immortality Essay1395 Words   |  6 Pageslife after death. This sculpture can show you this on how mummification gave upbringing to complex arts in ancient Egypt. The sculpture is the Mummy Case of Paankhenamun. The artwork is currently viewed at The Art Institute of Chicago. The sculpture was from the third period, Dynasty 22, in ancient Egypt. However, the sculpture has many features to it that makes it so unique in ancient Egypt from any other time. Egyptians did not want to die. They saw no reason why life should not go on when theyRead MoreAncient Egypt : The Nile River1287 Words   |  6 PagesAncient Egypt Unified in around 3100 BC, Ancient Egyptians developed one of the best known cultures in this world. Egypt, like many other civilizations before and after it, depended and relied on geography and natural landforms to flourish. The most important of these was the Nile. The Nile River is the longest river in the world, spanning over 4,000 miles long. It runs from Central Africa and north to the Mediterranean Sea. The Egyptians developed on a 750-mile stretch of the Nile. EveryRead MoreAchievements and Weaknesses of the Middle Kingdom and Its Downfall1316 Words   |  6 PagesIn Ancient Egypt, the Middle Kingdom is seen as one of its finest ages. This is because it was a time of ‘expanding political strength’ and ‘broader economic horizons’[1]. Generally thought to be from approximately 2000 B.C. to 1780 B.C.,[2] it was during the Twelfth Dynasty that Egyptians opened a wide trade amongst other countries, improved agricultural systems, fortified and expanded Egyptian borders with a strong military reputation, and explore the arts and literature to a depth which EgyptiansRead MoreAncient Civilizations And The Egyptian Civilization1403 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam McNeill, author of A World History, is in accordance with the belief that ancient civilizations who were in constant contact with conflict and war could develop a more advanced system of law, bureaucracy, and market prices. By that logic, Mesopotamia would have been far more advanced than Egypt. For example, Mesopotamia frequented attacks from barbarians because of the lay of the land. They also had trouble controlling war between centers of industry due to th e inevitable struggle with theRead MoreThe Afterlife Essay1607 Words   |  7 Pagesfar to what it means today. I would like to journey back in time to what death meant in the days of which Herodotus traveled. Herodotus journeyed from his home, Greece, to the land of the Egyptians. There he looks at mummification, a death ritual in Egypt with a Greek perspective. I would like to examine the similarities and differences between the Greeks and Egyptian death rituals through comparing their meaning of death, processes of burial, and their journey through death. Before we can look atRead MoreImagery Of Amulets : The Eye Of Horus, Or Wedjet ( Fig )1857 Words   |  8 Pagesthe excavated Ancient Egyptian tombs, such as that of the Pharaoh Tutankhamen of the 18th dynasty. It is clear these amulets played a crucial role in the mummification process. One of the most well known and intricately defined amulets is the Eye of Horus. It has an extensive religious meaning as well as a thorough and complex belief system to support its importance. The story behind the Eye of Horus has been the greatest influence behind the famous funerary processes of Ancient Egypt. The Eye ofRead MoreThe Distribution Of Power Throughout Old Kingdom Egypt And The First Intermediate Period1436 Words   |  6 PagesVCE Ancient History Unit 2 Historical Enquiry Explain the distribution of power in Old Kingdom Egypt and the first intermediate period, the social, political, and economic reasons for the constructors of pyramids, and Egyptian belief concerning the afterlife. The Great Pyramids of Giza are considered to be three of the world’s most fascinating and astonishing archaeological marvels. On the edge of modern-day Cairo stands the plateau of Giza, on which these extraordinary pyramids were constructed

Juvenile Delinquency And The Social Control Theory

Juvenile delinquency is very prevalent especially among adolescents because studies have shown that during the time of adolescence that is when delinquency tends to increase and once adolescence has passed at about 17 years of age then it tends to decrease (Adolescent Delinquency, 2002). There are many factors that can contribute to the increase of delinquency during adolescence, some of the factors can be personality, mental disorders, genetics, economic status, environment, family, and culture among others, also to understand better the causes of juvenile delinquency the social control theory is the best theory to explain juvenile delinquency as a whole (Adolescent Delinquency, 2002). When it comes to juvenile delinquency an adolescent personality is usually impacted from different factors such as early child hood experiences of witnessing a crime, seeing a violent act, being the victim of a crime, or being around others or family who engaged in criminal activity, these factors can either create an adolescent with a positive or negative attitude, or an anti-social behavior which could create a path for a delinquent behavior (Wilson, p. 34). A study has shown that family interactions accounts for about 40 percent of the cause of an adolescent with an anti-social behavior, the study also shown that aggressiveness which is a common trait of adolescent who engage in delinquent acts is usually created from peer influences (Wilson, p. 34). Mental health disorders makesShow MoreRelatedJuvenile Delinquency And How It Is Social Control Theory, Labeling, And Crime Essay2360 Words   |  10 PagesJuvenile Delinquency and How it Relates to Social Control Theory, Labeling Perspective, Aggressiveness and Crime Pat Akers Howard Payne University Abstract This paper explores three topics (Social Control Theory, Labeling Perspective, Aggressiveness and Crime) and explores how they relate through Juvenile Delinquency. Social Control Theory is what occurs when young adults do not have a good foundational upbringing from their parents and as such, they will tend to stray into more deviant behaviorsRead MoreSocial And Social Learning Theory1553 Words   |  7 PagesThe Social Learning Theory is best defined as crime is learned through associations with others who commit crimes. Juveniles are very impressionable or gullible, wherein they want to be popular or part of the in-crowd or clique. In comparison to the 1970’s versus today, juveniles are emulating criminals depicted on television not just through associations. Consider the current state of technology, specifically the internet and websites such as â€Å"You Tube.† With respect to crime and juvenile delinquentsRead MoreChild Abuse And Neglect Cause Juvenile Delinquen cy1156 Words   |  5 PagesNeglect cause Juvenile Delinquency Strain theory describes the idea that there are certain events and conditions in an individual’s life that are disliked and involve the inability to achieve goals, loss of positively valued stimuli, and presentation of negative stimuli (Brezina and Agnew). Child neglect and abuse can be described by this theory, and often is, because of its elements and the effect it has on children. Before the idea of child abuse and neglect causing juvenile delinquency can be arguedRead MoreContributing Factors to Juvenile Delinquency1620 Words   |  7 PagesJuvenile delinquency, according to Agnew and Brezina, is the violation of the law by a minor which is any persons under the age of 18 in most states. There are many contributing factors to juvenile delinquency such as domestic issues or stress at school, and there are also four different theories, strain, social learning, control, and labeling, to explain the different prospective of why it is thought that juveniles commence in deli nquent behavior. This particular discussion however, is going toRead MoreThe General Strain Theory Of Female Delinquency1253 Words   |  6 Pagestheories. A major theory used to explain female delinquency is the general strain theory (GST). According to Bartollas, â€Å"GST explains female delinquency by contending that many females experience harsh discipline, parental rejection, peer abuse, negative secondary school experience, homelessness, and a strong need for money;† these strains can cause females to cope through delinquent behavior (73). The social learning theory also explains female delinquency as â€Å"some females tend to associate withRead MoreWhy People Commit The Crime Essay1538 Words   |  7 PagesCriminological theory is the explanation of criminal behavior, as well as the behavior of juveniles, attorneys, prosecutors, judges, correctional personnel, victims, and other actors in the criminal justice process. Criminological theory is important because mos t of what is done in criminal justice is based on criminological theory, whether we or the people who propose and implement policies based on the theory know it or not. In criminology, examining why people commit the crime is very importantRead MoreThe Main Finding Is Thus That The Variable â€Å"Adoptee† Is1432 Words   |  6 PagesThe main finding is thus that the variable â€Å"adoptee† is a risk factor for delinquency for Danish-born adoptees and stepchildren, but not for adopted immigrants. (Laubjerg, 367). They then eliminated the country of origin to see what would happen, and they found that the risk of delinquency increased which proves that it is origin that causes the risk of delinquency. The immigration and the adoption is not what brings about the risk. Danish adoptees greater than 12 months at adoption and stepchildrenRead MoreEssay on Juvenile Delinquency1652 Words   |  7 PagesJuvenile Delinquency Everyday we read in the newspaper or watch T.V and hear news of crimes committed by Juveniles. With all of the crime being reported by the media about juveniles, one can’t help but wonder if all of our nation’s youth are juvenile delinquents. Although there are many cases where the juvenile did not commit a serious crime, there are others where the crime is so bad the juvenile court system tries the juvenile as an adult. Instead of seeking help for the individual, our justiceRead MoreThe Relationship Between Social Class and Delinquency Essays1498 Words   |  6 Pagespreconceived notions regarding the relationship between social class and delinquency. A common assumption is that lower-class juveniles are more likely to engage in delinquent behavior than their higher-class counterparts. Criminologists have performed a large number of studies examining the socio-demographic characteristics of delinquents, which often yielded contradictory results. When analyzing the e xtent and trend of juvenile delinquency in the United States conclusions can be drawn from estimatesRead More Juvenile Crime and Socio Economic Factors Essay1610 Words   |  7 PagesCrime at any age and in any form is a social problem and should be stopped or curbed at any cost. Crime at a juvenile age is on one hand a crime against property and life, and on the other a crime against humanity. It is a much graver social danger that holds the seed of an evident social disaster implanted into it. Criminologists hold different views regarding the root of juvenile crime and that often leads into quite the argument. Irrespective of those theoretical head on collisions, the presence

Standard vs. Automatic Compare Contrast Essay Free Essays

Jacob Phaneuf 10-20-12 Eng 101 (Compare Contrast) When buying a new car, many people do not stop to think about what kind of transmission that they would like. While most cars today come in automatic versions, there are also five and six speed standard transmissions available on most car models. While certain people may not even know how to drive a standard transmission, it is not the popular choice, but for the people who enjoy using both feet to drive there is always the option. We will write a custom essay sample on Standard vs. Automatic Compare Contrast Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now While most cars on the road today are automatics there are still ups and downs to both transmissions, standards may last longer, but automatics are easier to use and more convenient. Standards are usually sportier then the everyday persons automatic car, but they can also save on gas, and can be a little quicker compared to the same exact same automatic transmission model. While driving a standard can be a nightmare for some, others enjoy this feeling very much. Being able to drive with two feet is a very odd thing to be able to get used to, and also having a third pedal. This added third pedal is called a clutch, and must be pressed every time the vehicle switches gears, where as in a automatic the transmissions switches gears unnoticeably and requires no action from the driver. While having the control to be able to tell a vehicle what gear to go into when ever you want too, gives the car a much sportier feel, but also makes the vehicle a lot more fun to drive and also a little quicker off the start. Driving a standard is only for certain people though, while to others it may seem easy, learning to drive a standard can be a difficult task and if not done right can result in stalling or even permanent car damages. Having many things to remember to do while driving a car can be a frustrating thing to have to do, but thankfully there are automatic transmissions, which has many more conveniences and is much easier to use and drive then a standard car. Driving an automatic requires only one-foot operation and a computer does all the gear switching electronically. Automatics are the most popular choice when purchasing a car, because they are so simple, easy, and can also be fun to drive. While driving a standard can be a lot more fun, it can also be a lot more stressful considering there are things to always be aware of. Staling is something that is very easy to do and can happen for a few reasons, the clutch was released too quickly, or the transmission was left in gear when the clutch was removed. Also traffic can be a very stressfully thing to deal with in a standard because of the constant use of two feet moving every time the car must move forward. Hills can also be a major challenge for even the most experienced standard transmission drivers. When on a hill, the vehicle will be able to roll backwards until the driver has successfully engaged first gear, but stalling is still a great possibility and can cause big problems for an inexperienced driver. When it comes to choosing the right transmission, be sure you will be able to drive the vehicle the proper way, if not then at least have a person available to teach the proper ways. While both transmissions are great ways to drive, one driver may prefer one over the other, they both drive differences but will both get you to the same place. The only major difference to remember is that a standard transmission can be a lot more work, and the driver has to be ready to deal with the frustrations of a standard transmission. Happy driving! How to cite Standard vs. Automatic Compare Contrast Essay, Essay examples

Case Study about the Contract of Sale Between Alan and Ben

Question: Case study about the contract of sale between Alan and Ben. Answer: Elements of a Valid Contract In the given case circumstance there is contract of sale between Alan and Ben, there are five essential elements to form a contract that is valid in nature; these five elements are (i) offer, (ii) acceptance, (iii) consideration, (iv) intention to create a legal relation and (v) legal capacity. Figure: 1: Elements of a valid contract (Source: Created by Author) Legal capacity is an essential element of a valid contract meaning thereby a person who is a minor (in Singapore from March 3009 the age of the minor is 18 years) or a person who is incapacitated mentally cannot form a valid contract. In the given case of Ben and Alan, it has been mentioned that Alan is an avid drinker, therefore, it is not possible for Alan to be minor and it is assumed that he has attained the legal age. Therefore Alan being the offeree is an adult. On the other hand, Ben who is the offeror is an employee though the legal working age in Singapore is 14 years however it has not been stated in the case study that Ben is a minor. Therefore an assumption is made that he has attained the legal age. Further it can also be noted from the situation that both Ben and Alan are not mentally incapacitated since Ben was able to explain to Alan the drinks that were available with him and Alan was able to put forth the specific preference that was required by him with respect to the drinks and was able to carry the whole transaction out without any issues. Thus since they have both attained legal age and both are not incapacitated legally they would hence be bound by the contract formed between them. For there to exist a valid contract there needs to be an offer, the offer is an expression which is defined as the willingness of a person to contract with terms that are specific. Further, these terms have been made with the intention of the same becoming binding as soon as the parties accept it. This party to whom the offer is being made is the offeree. There are three basic requirements an offer (i) that the offer must contain the exchange terms, (ii) there should be an indication that the person is willing to make such an offer ("Offeror) to have the contractual terms be binding on him and (iii) the offeree is conferred with the power to bind the contract of the offeror so that the same cannot be withdrawn from the latter once the offeror has accepted it. It was opined in the Pharmaceuticals Society of Great Britains case that the displayed products of a shop are there for being chosen by the customer however an offer is made only when the customer offers to buy such products. In the case between Ben and Alan, Alan who wants to buy liquor goes to Bens store where the same has been put on display. Thus this was an invitation to treat since he had gone to the store and was observing the various types of liquor that were on display. The offeror, Ben made to the offerree Alan a countr offer with respect to buying of Russian distilled thus leading to the initial treat to offer being nullified. Though, Alan insisted on buying only vodka that was Russian distilled and Ben the offeror assured him that the vodka would satisfy his requirement. In the Bannermans case it was opined Schawel vs. Reade it had been held that where it has been indicated to the representor by the representee the statements importance the same would be held to term, i.e. there has been communication of term that is specific in nature. Thus there has been a specific preference that has been made by Alan to Ben which Ben as assured at the time of negotiation to be the product that Alan had asked for thereby offer was made in furtherance of this intention. This offer was then accepted by Alan and consideration paid for the three bottles of vodka which was bought. There was acknowledgment of the same by way of receipt. Thus there has been a valid offer and acceptance in the given situation and also there was an intention of creating a legal relationship. There was consideration also paid for the products bought. Also either Ben or Alan was legally incapacitated to enter into the contract. Therefore all the elements of contract are present making it a valid. However in the given case the quality of the product was assured by Ben at the time of purchase however the consequences of this product proved to be dangerous hence there was misrepresentation of Bens part. Therefore since it was through misrepresentation that the contract was induced the same maybe set aside. The Sale of Goods Act Ben is a salesman at a shop that sells liquor, he sold Alan either by mistake or purposely alcohol that was illicit in nature. In the case of Rowland vs. Divall it was opined that when possession of a good is by any means that illegal or illicit then the same is not justifiable. Where there is description of the goods to be sold then under Section 13 it is an implied condition that the goods are required to correspond to such description. This section is concerned not with the quality but the description of the product (Arcos v Ranaason [1933] AC 470). Thus the section 13(1) of the Sale of Goods Act (The Act) would be attracted since Alan had insisted on vodka that was Russian distilled and Ben had assured that it was what Alan had asked for however the description did not correspond with what was actually given to Alan. Though there can be an assumption which can be made that since Ben is only a sales person he might have sold this liquor unintentionally. Since it is not possible to make out with naked eyes if there is any fault in the product, further it was not until Alan and his friends drank that the fault was realized. Further section 13 cannot be relied upon in the cases where the products have been actually viewed by the buyer (Harlington Leinster v Christopher Hull Fine Art [1991] 1 QB 564). Thus as per section 14(2A) the product meets the satisfactory quality under Section 14(2B) since any reasonable man would have concluded the same (Compact Metal Industries Ltd v PPG Industries (Singapore) Ltd ([2006] SGHC 242, National Foods Ltd v Pars Ram Brothers (Pte) Ltd [2007] 2 SLR(R) 1048). The Sale of Goods Act (SGA) states that the quality of products is an essential requirement that needs to be met, by the products that are being sold, under section 14(2A). The standard of this is that which would be regarded as satisfactory by any reasonable person under the same situation ("Ch.09 Domestic Sale of Goods", 2016). Safety of the product is one of the most essential elements under section 14(2B) that needs to be satisfied (Nair, 1984). However action can be brought under section 14(3) since the product needs to serve the purpose for which it had been purchased. In the case of Frost v. Aylsbury (Frost v. Aylsbury Dairy Co. Ltd., 1905), that the alcohol that was bootleg would defeat the purpose of the product. In the case that there were certain qualities which the buyer had informed to the seller that the goods are required to have then the standards placed are under section 14(3) and these are much higher standard as compared to section 14(2). In this the seller would be liable if the product does not meet the specification as required by the buyer (National Foods Ltd v Pars Ram Brothers (Pte) Ltd, 2007). Thus the alcohol which Ben supplied did not satisfy the purpose and hence it actionable under 14(3) An acknowledgment is given by a party to contract in writing that they have received from the person named in the receipt the consideration that has been specified in the receipt. There is an acknowledgment of the receipt sometimes of having received a particular thing and also for doing another thing an agreement. However as far as the receipt goes it is only a prima facie evidence as far as the receipt is considered. Therefore as observed receipt is only a primary evidence of existence of a contract between two parties and not the contract itself therefore in the given example the receipt that was given by Ben to Alan was only an evidence of the contract that exists between them and not the contract itself and it cannot be assumed to be the same. There are three requirements that are required to be fulfilled for a written term to consider as being incorporated in the contract by the court. The first of these requirements is that the notice for the incorporation of the term has to be given either during the agreement or before the agreement of the contract. In the case of Olley v. Marlborough Court Hotel(Olley v. Marlborough Court Hotel, 1949), it had been established that for considering the incorporation of a term into the contract the notice of the same has to be given either before or during the time of the contract. Therefore since the exclusion clause needs to be informed either prior to the formation or after the contract has been formed in situation of Alan and Ben the clause of exclusion that the products sold are not refundable nor the seller responsible for the safety of the products the same should have been informed to Alan at the time when the contract was being formed which prior to the receipt of consideration or during the formation of the contract and not after the contract had commenced through a receipt. In the case of Parker v. SE Railway Co.(Parker v. SE Railway Co., 1877), the court was put forth the question of law as to whether the clause applied to Mr. Parker. It was found by the jury at trial that it was reaso nable on the part of Mr. Parker to not be reading the ticket which was the receipt. Thus in the case of Ben and Alan the exclusion clause can be only in the receipt and not in the receipt. Another factor which has to be taken into account with respect to an exclusion clause is reasonableness. The statement on the receipt clearly did away with any kind of responsibility of the seller and was very generic in nature. This would lead to the wrongdoings of the seller being limitless thus such an exclusion clause would not be enforceable. As opined in the George Mitchell case (George Mitchell v Finney Lock Seeds, 1983) that it was not unless the product has been used that the buyer will discover the breach thus such unreasonable clause would be strike down under UCTA section 6(3). The most essential thing that needs to be established for being able to claim under negligence damages is that there was a duty of care that existed and it was this duty of care which had been breached. If there is proximity between the defendant and the plaintiff there will be a duty of care that comes into existence. For establishing of whether there was duty of care that existed, the test of reasonable foreseeability is used. Alan had brought the alcohol was entertainment of his friends thus the friends are neighbors as per the principle since they are affected directly by the act of Ben. There is close proximity between Alans friends and Ben since there is a high likelihood of his friends consuming the alcohol. There will be a duty of care owed by the defendant to the plaintiff in the case wherein a harm that might be caused to the plaintiff due to any act or omission of the defendant can be reasonably foreseen. Thus, it this case it become obvious that there has been a breach of duty on the part of Ben for selling liquor that had been obtained through bootlegging and he could have foreseen reasonably the harm that could have been caused by such alcohol(Donoghue v Stevenson, 1932). It was also stated further there needs to be reasonable care that needs to be taken for avoiding any kind of acts or omission that can be reasonably foreseen as causing an injury to the neighbor. Under law neighbors are those who are affected directly and closely by a certain act (Donoghue v Stevenson, 1932). It is to the ultimate customer that duty of care is owed to when it comes to the sale of goods. Thus in the light of the principle of product liability it may be concluded that there was duty of care which w as owed to the neighbors and the ultimate customers for ensuring that no such omission or act is conducted which would have a chance of causing harm. In the given case there had been a breach of duty by Ben for selling alcohol to Alan that was harmful in nature he would be held liable even for the harm that had been caused to the friends of Alan as the relationship is not remote and they are the ultimate consumers. There also exists a relationship between the harm that has been caused to Alan and the negligence of the part of Ben. It is required by the principle of causation that the harm is a condition which is necessary for there being negligence, and it is within the scope of liability of the defendant that the harm is falling. The causation and remoteness issues are tended to separately of which the key is the but for test where the question that is raised is whether the loss could have been sustained but for the defendants negligence. In this regard one of the landmark cases is that of Barnett v Chelsea and Kensington(Barnett v Chelsea and Kensington, 1969). Thus application of this principle in the given situation would indicate that had it not been for the harmful alcohol that Ben provided Alan and his friends would not have fallen sick thus this liability fell within Bens scope. Further action can be brought by Alans friends under the "Contracts (Rights of Third Parties) Act" Chapter 53B where third party contract terms are enforced. It is under the neighborhood principle that the friends will be able to qualify. References Articles and conditions of building contract.(2011). Singapore. Bannerman vs. White, 10 CBNS 844 (1861). Barnett v Chelsea and Kensington, HMC (1969). Ch.09 Domestic Sale of Goods. (2016).Singaporelaw.sg. Retrieved 4 July 2016, Compact Metal Industries Ltd v PPG Industries (Singapore) Ltd, SGHC 242 (2006). Donoghue v Stevenson, AC 562, 580. (1932). Frost v. Aylsbury Dairy Co. Ltd., 1 KB 608 (1905). George Mitchell v Finney Lock Seeds, 2 AC 803 (1983). National Foods Ltd v Pars Ram Brothers (Pte) Ltd, 2 SLR(R) 1048 (2007). Neyers, J., Bronaugh, R., Pitel, S. (2009).Exploring contract law. Oxford: Hart Pub. Olley v. Marlborough Court Hotel, 1 KB 532 (1949). Parker v. SE Railway Co., 2 CPD 416 (1877). Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain v Boots Cash Chemists (Southern) Ltd., 1 Q.B. 401 (1953). Rowland v. Divall, 2 KB 500 (1923).